From the Knowledge Base
Technical Articles
Technical content published for the HDG community — written for practitioners, by practitioners.
Bath Chemistry
Understanding the Kleingarn Curve in HDG Bath Management
In an HCl pickling bath, pickling speed is set by the balance between free acid and dissolved iron — not by acid alone. How the Kleingarn relationship lets you read it and plan bath life.
Read the article → StandardsASTM A123 & ISO 1461 — New Editions: What Changed
Both standards were revised — ASTM in 2024, ISO in 2022. The structural minimum jumped 85→100 µm, two new material categories appeared, and ultra-low-reactivity steels finally got a rule.
Read the article → Plant OperationsZinc Consumption KPIs: How to Measure Plant Efficiency
Zinc pickup percentage is the single most important efficiency metric in any HDG plant. How to calculate, benchmark, and improve it.
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